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erosion and weathering
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Processes that shape the earth Groundwater movement is influenced by Earth's surface irregularities, such as hills and valleys, formed through tectonic activity and diastrophism. The lithosphere is divided into tectonic plates that move independently, causing erosion and weathering to shape landforms. Higher elevations experience greater erosion and lower weathering, while lower areas see the opposite. Weathering breaks down rocks mechanically or chemically, while erosion transports materials via agents like water, air, and ice. These processes work together to sculpt the landscape, leading to sediment deposition and eventual rock formation through compaction and diagenesis, ultimately contributing to the rock cycle.